1. Multiple choice questions.
(i) Which of these statements is not a valid reason for the depletion of flora and fauna?
(a) Agricultural expansion.
(b) Large scale developmental projects.
(c) Grazing and fuel wood collection.
(d) Rapid industrialisation and urbanisation.
Solution :- (c)
(ii) Which of the following conservation strategies do not directly involve community participation?
(a) Joint forest management
(b) Beej Bachao Andolan
(c) Chipko Movement
(d) Demarcation of Wildlife sanctuaries
Solution :- (d)
2. Match the following animals with their category of existence.
Animals/Plants Category of existence
Black buck Extinct
Asiatic elephant Rare
Andaman wild pig Endangered
Himalayan brown bear Vulnerable
Pink head duck Endemic
Solution :- Black buck – Endangered
Asiatic elephant – Vulnerable
Andaman wild pig – Endemic
Himalayan brown bear – Rare
Pink head duck – Extinct
3. Match the following.
Reserved forests other forests and wastelands belonging to both government and private individuals and communities Protected forests forests are regarded as most valuable as far as the conservation of forest and wildlife resources Unclassed forests forest lands are protected from any further depletion
Solution :- Reserved forests - forests are regarded as most valuable as far as the conservation of forest and wildlife resources
Protected forests - forest lands are protected from any further depletion
Unclassed forests - other forests and wastelands belonging to both government and private individuals and communities
4. Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
(i) What is biodiversity? Why is biodiversity important for human lives?
Solution :- Boidiversity is immensely rich in wildlife and cultivated species, diverse in farm and function but closely integrated in a system through multiple network of interdependencies.
- Biodiversity is important for human lives because.
- The plants, animals and micro-organisms create the quality of the air we breathe.
- The soil that produces our food without which we can’t survive.
- Forest provide raw materials for industrial purposes.
(ii) How have human activities affected the depletion of flora and fauna? Explain.
Solution :- Human activities affected the depletion of flora and fauna are :-
- Railways, agriculture, commercial and scientific forestry are primary factor of depletion of flora and fauna.
- A type of farming especially in the north eastern and Central India have been deforested or degraded by shifting cultivation (jhum), a type of slash and burn agriculture.
- Large scale development projects like river valley projects and Narmada Sagar project.
- Mining is also important factor behind deforestation
- Increase in the population.
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