Introduction
HTML refers to Hypertext Markup Language. There is a special kind of text used
by web browsers that represents the data. This data may be in the form of
letters, images, audio, or videos.
Overview of HTML
HTML was invented in November 1990 by a scientist called Tim Berneses-Lee. It
is not an invention but an improved version of Standard Generalised Markup
Language(SGML).
What tools do you need?
- HTML editor
- A Web Browser
Tags and Attributes
A tag is a special word enclosed in angle-brackets < >. A tag tells the
browser to perform an action as asked by the special word. This special word
is known as attributes used inside a tag. The browser will respond to both
cases equally.
Eg. <BODY> </BODY> This is Tag and style="color: blue;" This is
attribute
An element is a combination of a start tag, the text(we also use text to
insert graphics) and the end tag.
Element = <BODY style="color: blue;" > Welcome to JR World </BODY>
A tag to instruction and an attribute to an extension to an instruction.
One set of tags may contain another set of tags. This is called nesting of
tags.
<TAG1> <TAG2>……………</TAG2> </TAG1>
<TAG1> and </TAG1> is the first block of tags. <TAG2> and
</TAG2> is the second block of tags.
Structure of HTML document
The basic structure of the HTML document is divided into two sections namely,
the head
and the body.
The first section helps in changing the heading on the title bar of the HTML
document (the webpage). The starting of the heading is shown after the start
tag of TITLE and the end is shown by </TITLE>. The end tag of HEAD i.e.
</HEAD> tells the browser that the end of the first section has come.
The second section begins with the start tag of BODY. The data on the webpage
is displayed through the tags used in this section. The end tag of BODY i.e.
</BODY> tells the browser that no more data is to be inserted on the
webpage and the end of the web document has come. After the completion of this
section, the slash HTML or the end tag of HTML tells the browser to stop
looking for HTML commands.
Saving the HTML document
When you have finished writing the HTML code in the text editor, click on the
File menu and select the Save option. This opens a window, which asks you to
save the file in a folder and give a name and an extension to the file. The
extension in this file will be .html or .htm. This will turn the file into a
webpage.
e.g.:- basic.htm or Class 9th tutorial.html
In order to modify the webpage, open the webpage with a notepad.
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